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| (R) (R) INNOVATION and EXCELLENCE Single Output OBSOLETE PRODUCT O E Contact Factory for Replacement Mo a Replace nt Model p emen USQ 40A Models High-Current, Quarter-Brick 40 Amp, DC/DC Converters Features To 40 Amperes Output Current Low-profile, industry standard quarter-brick package and pinout; 1.45" x 2.28" x 0.40" 24V and 48V nominal inputs Output Voltages: 1.2/1.5/1.8/2.5/3.3V Outstanding efficiency: 89% Full synchronous-rectifier topology 110mVp-p noise Fast transient response (200sec to 1%) Impressive 0.05% line/load regulation Fully isolated, 1500Vdc guaranteed Fully I/O protected; Thermal shutdown Remote On/Off control Output trim and sense functions UL1950/EN60950 approvals, HALT tested, EMI compliant An unrivaled combination of power, size, long-term reliability and affordable cost defines DATEL's new 40 Ampere output series Quarter-Bricks. By exploiting a fully synchronous forward topology and the newest available components, the USQ 40A model converters achieve an 89% efficiency. The extremely high efficiency enables these units to reliably deliver up to 40 Amps of output power from a low-height profile, industry-standard "quarter-brick" format package (1.45" x 2.28" x 0.40") with aluminum baseplate and open-to-airflow shell. The USQ 40A models are a pincompatible, high-current, companion product family to DATEL's USQ 30A and 20A families, and the ULQ Series 10A and 15A family of quarter bricks. Additional features include output noise of 110 millivolts, 0.05% line/load regulation maximum, and quick transient response (200sec to 1%). Device functionality includes remote on/off control (positive or negative polarity), and output trim (+10%, -20%), sense function, and nominal input ranges of 24V (18-36V) and 48V (36-75V). In order to safeguard both the power converter and its load, USQ 40A models, offers the most extensive I/O protection including input undervoltage lockout, and reverse-polarity protection, as well as output overvoltage protection, current limiting, short-circuit protection ("hiccup" technique), and thermal shutdown (and optional input overvoltage lockout). The USQ 40A Series are designed to meet the BASIC insulation requirements of UL1950 and EN60950. The "D48" models carry the CE mark. Safety certifications, as well as EMC compliance testing and qualification testing (including HALT), have been successfully completed. Contact DATEL for the latest information. +SENSE (7) +VOUT (8) +VIN (3) SWITCH CONTROL -VOUT (4) -VIN (1) -SENSE (5) PWM CONTROLLER OPTO ISOLATION REFERENCE & ERROR AMP VOUT TRIM (6) INPUT UNDERVOLTAGE, INPUT OVERVOLTAGE, AND OUTPUT OVERVOLTAGE COMPARATORS REMOTE ON/OFF CONTROL* (2) * Can be ordered with positive (standard) or negative (optional) polarity. Figure 1. Simplified Schematic DATEL, Inc., Mansfield, MA 02048 (USA) * Tel: (508)339-3000, (800)233-2765 Fax: (508)339-6356 * Email: sales@datel.com * Internet: www.datel.com USQ Series 40A, SINGLE OUTPUT DC/DC CONVERTERS Performance Specifications and Ordering Guide Output Model USQ-1.2/40-D24 USQ-1.2/40-D48 USQ-1.5/40-D24 USQ-1.5/40-D48 USQ-1.8/40-D24 USQ-1.8/40-D48 USQ-2.5/40-D24 USQ-2.5/40-D48 USQ-3.3/35-D24 USQ-3.3/35-D48 Input Regulation (Max.) Line 0.05% 0.05% 0.05% 0.05% 0.05% 0.05% 0.05% 0.05% 0.05% VOUT (Volts) 1.2 1.2 1.5 1.5 1.8 1.8 2.5 2.5 3.3 3.3 IOUT (Amps) 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 35 35 R/N (mVp-p) Typ. 90 80 110 110 100 145 145 155 155 Max. 110 110 TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD Load 0.05% 0.05% 0 0.05% 0.05% 0 0.05% 0.05% 0 05% 0.05% 0.05% 0 05% 0.05% 0.05% 0 0.05% 0.05% 0 0.05% 0.05% 0 0.05% 0.05% VIN Nom. (Volts) 24 4 8 48 24 4 48 48 24 4 24 4 48 8 24 48 Range (Volts) 18 3 18-36 8 36-75 36-75 6 18-36 18-36 18836-75 3636-75 18-36 18-36 8 18-36 18-36 8 36-75 36-75 6 18-36 36-75 IIN (Amps) 2.4/3.5 1.23/1.76 2.9/4.0 1.5/2.1 3.5/4.9 1.8/2.5 4.7/7.0 2.4/3.3 5.4/7.5 2.8/3.9 Efficiency 80% 82% 84% 84% 84% 84% 88% 88% 89% 89% Package (Case, Pinout) C33, P32 C33, P32 C33, P32 C33, P32 C33, P32 C33, P32 C33, P32 C33, P32 C33, P32 C33, P32 48 40 0.05% 0 05% 6 Contact100 c TBD for Replacement Model36-75 a Factory o 0.05% a 0.05% n 48 d 36-75 Typical at TA = +25C under nominal line voltage and full-load conditions, unless otherwise noted. All models are tested and specified with external output capacitors (1F ceramic in parallel with 10F tantalum). Contact DATEL for fixed output voltages (such as 2V) other than those listed. Ripple/Noise (R/N) is tested/specified over a 20MHz bandwidth. Output noise may be further reduced with the installation of additional external output filtering. See I/O Filtering, Input Ripple Current, and Output Noise for details. The load-regulation specs apply over the 0-100% range. All models in the USQ Series have no minimum-load requirements and will regulate within spec under no-load conditions (with perhaps a slight increase in ripple/noise). Additionally, all models are unconditionally stable, including start-up and short-circuit-shutdown situations, with capacitive loads up to 25,000F. Contact DATEL for VIN ranges other than those listed. For each model, the two listed dc currents are for the following conditions: full load/nominal input voltage and full load/low line voltage (36V). The latter is usually the worst-case condition for input current. PA R T N U M B E R S T R U C T U R E U SQ - 2.5 / 40 - D48 N D Output Configuration: U = Unipolar/Single Quarter-Brick Package Nominal Output Voltage: 1.2, 1.5, 1.8, 2.5 or 3.3 Volts M E C H A N I C A L S P E C I F I C AT I O N S Negative Trim: Contact DATEL for "D" suffixed negative trim devices. See Technical Notes. Remote On/Off Control Polarity: Add "P" for positive polarity (pin 2 open = converter on) Add "N" for negative polarity (pin 2 open = converter off) Input Voltage Range: D48 = 36-75 Volts (48V nominal) Maximum Rated Output Current in Amps Note: Not all part number combinations are available. Contact DATEL. Case C33 2.28 (57.91) A BAR CODE AND SERIAL NUMBER APPLIED TO THIS SURFACE. MODEL NUMBER ON OPPOSITE SURFACE. 2.28 (57.91) 1.860 (47.24) 0.40 MAX. (10.16) Optional Heat Sink 1.03 1.45 (26.16) (36.83) STANDOFF 0.015 (0.38) PINS 1-3, 5-7: 0.040 0.001 (1.016 0.025) PINS 4, 8: 0.062 0.001 (1.575 0.025) 0.15 MIN (3.81) OPEN-FRAME, CAST ALUMINUM CASE A A B 2.00 (50.80) B B 1.860 (47.24) 0.140 DIA. (3.56) (4 PLACES) 1.03 (26.16) 0.600 (15.24) 2 3 (4) 0.170 DIA. #M3 THD. THRU WITH 0.090 THREAD RELIEF 5 6 7 8 1.45 (36.83) 1 4 0.300 (7.62) BOTTOM VIEW DIMENSIONS ARE IN INCHES (MM) 0.600 (15.24) 4 EQ. SP. @ 0.150 (3.81) I/O Connections Pin Function P32 1 -Input 2 Remote On/Off* 3 +Input 4 -Output 5 -Sense 6 Output Trim 7 +Sense 8 +Output B * MATERIAL: BLACK ANODIZED ALUMINUM 0.10 (2.54) * USQ SERIES HEATSINKS ARE AVAILABLE IN 3 HEIGHTS: 0.25 (6.35), 0.50 (12.70) AND 1.00 (25.4) Heat Sink Ordering Information Heat Sink Height 0.25 inches (6.35mm) 0.50 inches (12.70mm) 1.00 inches (25.40mm) DATEL Part Number HS-QB25 HS-QB50 HS-QB100 DATEL conforms to industry-standard quarter-brick pinout (see Figure 15). A "baseplate only" model with a maximum height of 0.375" (9.53mm) is available with the addition of an "H" suffix. Contact DATEL. * The Remote On/Off can be provided with either positive (standard) or negative (optional) polarity. All heat sinks include 4 mounting screws and a thermal pad. If using heatsinks other than DATEL's HS-QB series, the screw length should accomodate the 0.090 thread relief. 2 40A, SINGLE OUTPUT DC/DC CONVERTERS USQ Models Performance/Functional Specifications Typical @ TA = +25C under nominal line voltage and full-load conditions, unless noted. (1) Dynamic Characteristics Dynamic Load Response (11) Start-Up Time: (4) (12) VIN to VOUT On/Off to VOUT Switching Frequency Calculated MTBF: USQ-1.2/40-D24 -D48 USQ-1.5/40-D24 -D48 USQ-1.8/40-D24 -D48 USQ-2.5/40-D24 -D48 USQ-3.3/35-D24 -D48 (13) Input Input Voltage Range: D24 Models D48 Models Overvoltage Shutdown Start-Up Threshold: D24 Models D48 Models (4) See Dynamic Load Response under Technical Notes 5msec typical, 8msec maximum 5msec typical, 8msec maximum (11)Environmental 18-36 Volts (24V nominal) 36-75 Volts (48V nominal) None (3) 15.5-18 Volts (16.5V nominal) 28.5-36 Volts (30V typical) 14-16.5 Volts (15.3V nominal) 27-29.5 Volts (28.3V typical) See Ordering Guide 0.05A2 sec maximum 4mA 6mAp-p Pi (0.01F - 1.5H - 3.3F) Pi (0.01F - 4.7H - 3.3F) 1 minute duration, 5A maximum On = open, open collector or 2.5-5V applied. IIN = 150A max. Off = pulled low to 0-0.8V IIN = 800A max. On = pulled low to 0-0.8V IIN = 800A max. Off = open, open collector or 2.5-5V applied. IIN = 150A max. Undervoltage Shutdown: (4) D24 Models D48 Models Input Current: Normal Operating Conditions Inrush Transient Standby Mode: Off, UV, Thermal Shutdown Input Reflected Ripple Current (5) IInternal Input Filter Type: D24 Models D48 Models Reverse-Polarity Protection (3) Remote On/Off Control (Pin 2): (6) Positive Logic ("P" Suffix Models) >2.5 million hours >2.5 million hours >2.5 million hours >2.5 million hours >2.5 million hours (4) (14) Operating Temperature (Ambient): Without Derating With Derating Baseplate Temperature: Maximum Allowable Thermal Shutdown Dimensions Case Material Baseplate Material Shielding Pin Material Weight: (4) (14) Model and air flow dependent To +110C (baseplate) +110C +115-122C, +118C typical. Physical 1.45" x 2.28" x 0.40" (36.8 x 57.9 x 10.2mm) Cast aluminum Aluminum Neither the aluminum case nor baseplate are connected to a package pin Brass, solder coated 1.52 ounces (43 grams) Negative Logic ("N" Suffix Models) Primary-to-Secondary Insulation Level Basic (1) Output Minimum Loading Maximum Capacitive Loading (7) VOUT Accuracy (Full Load): Initial Temperature Coefficient Extreme (8) VOUT Trim Range (9) Remote Sense Compensation (4) Ripple/Noise (20MHz BW) Line/Load Regulation Efficiency Isolation Voltage: Input-to-Output Input-to-Case Output-to-Case Isolation Resistance Isolation Capacitance Current Limit Inception (90% VOUT) (10) Short Circuit: (4) Current Duration Overvoltage Protection: (4) 1.2VOUT 1.5VOUT 1.8VOUT 2.5VOUT No load 25,000F 1% maximum 0.02% per C 3% +10%, -20% +10% See Ordering Guide See Ordering Guide See Ordering Guide (2) (3) (4) ((5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) 1500Vdc minimum 1500Vdc minimum 1500Vdc minimum 100M 650pF (11) (12) 50A typical (13) Hiccup Continuous Magnetic feedback 1.7 Volts 2.2 Volts 2.7 Volts 3.8 Volts (14) All models are tested and specified with external output capacitors (1F ceramic in parallel with 10F tantalum) and, unless otherwise noted. These converters have no minimum-load requirements and will effectively regulate under no-load conditions. Contact DATEL for input voltage ranges other than those listed. See Absolute Maximum Ratings for allowable input voltages. See Technical Notes/Performance Curves for additional explanations and details. Input Ripple Current is tested/specified over a 5-20MHz bandwidth with an external 33F input capacitor and a simulated source impedance of 220F and 12H. See I/O Filtering, Input Ripple Current and Output Noise for details. The 24V input models can benefit by increasing the 33F external input capacitance to 100F, if the application has a high source impedance. The On/Off Control is designed to be driven with open-collector (or equivalent) logic or the application of appropriate voltages (referenced to -Input (pin 1). See Remote On/Off Control for more details. USQ Series DC/DC converters are unconditionally stable, including start-up and short-circuitshutdown situations, with capacitive loads up to 25,000F. Extreme Accuracy refers to the accuracy of either trimmed or untrimmed output voltages over all normal operating ranges and combinations of input voltage, output load and temperature. See Output Trimming for detailed trim equations. The Current-Limit Inception point is the output current level at which the USQ's power-limiting circuitry drops the output voltage 10% from its initial value. See Output Current Limiting and Short-Circuit Protection for more details. See Dynamic Load Response under Technical Notes for detailed results including switching frequencies. DATEL has performed extensive evaluations of Dynamic Load Response. In addi tion to the 10F || 1F external capacitors, specifications are also given for 220F || 1F external output capacitors for quick comparison purposes. For the Start-Up Time specifications, output settling is defined by the output voltage having reached 1% of its final value. MTBF's are calculated using Telcordia SR-332 (Bellcore) Method 1 Case 3, ground fixed conditions, +40C case temperature, and full-load conditions. Contact DATEL for demonstrated life-test data. All models are fully operational and meet published specifications, including "cold start," at -40C. 3 USQ Series 40A, SINGLE OUTPUT DC/DC CONVERTERS Absolute Maximum Ratings Input Voltage: Continuous: Transient (100msec) Input Reverse-Polarity Protection Output Current On/Off Control (Pin 2) Max. Voltages Referenced to -Input (pin 1) Storage Temperature Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 sec.) 24V models 39 Volts 50 Volts 48V models 81 Volts 100 Volts impedance as highly inductive source impedance can affect system stability. In Figure 2, CBUS and LBUS simulate a typical dc voltage bus. Your specific system configuration may necessitate additional considerations. In critical applications, output ripple/noise (also referred to as periodic and random deviations or PARD) can be reduced below specified limits using filtering techniques, the simplest of which is the installation of additional external output capacitors. Output capacitors function as true filter elements and should be selected for bulk capacitance, low ESR, and appropriate frequency response. In Figure 3, the two copper strips simulate real-world pcb impedances between the power supply and its load. Scope measurements should be made using BNC connectors or the probe ground should be less than 1/2 inch and soldered directly to the fixture. All external capacitors should have appropriate voltage ratings and be located as close to the converter as possible. Temperature variations for all relevant parameters should be taken into consideration. OS-CONTM organic semiconductor capacitors (www.sanyo.com) can be especially effective for further reduction of ripple/noise. The most effective combination of external I/O capacitors will be a function of line voltage and source impedance, as well as particular load and layout conditions. Our Applications Engineers can recommend potential solutions and discuss the possibility of our modifying a given device's internal filtering to meet your specific requirements. Contact our Applications Engineering Group for additional details. Input Current must be <5A. 1 minute duration. Fusing recommended. Current limited. Devices can withstand an indefinite output short circuit. -0.3 to +7 Volts -40 to +125C +300C These are stress ratings. Exposure of devices to any of these conditions may adversely affect long-term reliability. Proper operation under conditions other than those listed in the Performance/Functional Specifications Table is not implied, nor recommended. TECHNICAL NOTES Removal of Soldered USQ's from PCB's Should removal of the USQ from its soldered connection be needed, it is very important to thoroughly de-solder the pins using solder wicks or de-soldering tools. At no time should any prying or leverage be used to remove boards that have not been properly de-soldered first. Input Source Impedance USQ converters must be driven from a low ac-impedance input source. The DC/DC's performance and stability can be compromised by the use of highly inductive source impedances. The input circuit shown in Figure 2 is a practical solution that can be used to minimize the effects of inductance in the input traces. For optimum performance, components should be mounted close to the DC/DC converter. The 24V models can benefit by increasing the 33F external input capacitors to 100F, if the application has a high source impedance. I/O Filtering, Input Ripple Current, and Output Noise All models in the USQ Series are tested/specified for input ripple current (also called input reflected ripple current) and output noise using the circuits and layout shown in Figures 2 and 3. TO OSCILLOSCOPE +SENSE +OUTPUT 7 8 COPPER STRIP C1 4 -OUTPUT 5 -SENSE C2 SCOPE RLOAD COPPER STRIP C1 = 1F CERAMIC C2 = 10F TANTALUM LOAD 2-3 INCHES (51-76mm) FROM MODULE Figure 3. Measuring Output Ripple/Noise (PARD) CURRENT PROBE LBUS Input Overvoltage Shutdown 3 +INPUT + VIN - CBUS CIN 1 -INPUT Standard USQ DC/DC converters do not feature overvoltage shutdown. They are equipped with this function, however. Many of our customers need their devices to withstand brief input surges to 100V without shutting down. Consequently, we disabled the function. Please contact us if you would like it enabled, at any voltage, for your application. Start-Up Threshold and Undervoltage Shutdown Under normal start-up conditions, the USQ Series will not begin to regulate properly until the ramping input voltage exceeds the Start-Up Threshold. Once operating, devices will turn off when the applied voltage drops below the Undervoltage Shutdown point. Devices will remain off as long as the undervoltage condition continues. Units will automatically re-start when the applied voltage is brought back above the Start-Up Threshold. The hysteresis built into this function avoids an indeterminate on/off condition at a single input voltage. See Performance/Functional Specifications table for actual limits. CIN = 33F, ESR < 700m @ 100kHz CBUS = 220F, ESR < 100m @ 100kHz LBUS = 12H Figure 2. Measuring Input Ripple Current External input capacitors (CIN in Figure 2) serve primarily as energy-storage elements. They should be selected for bulk capacitance (at appropriate frequencies), low ESR, and high rms-ripple-current ratings. The switching nature of DC/DC converters requires that dc voltage sources have low ac 4 40A, SINGLE OUTPUT DC/DC CONVERTERS USQ Models Start-Up Time The VIN to VOUT Start-Up Time is the interval between the point at which a ramping input voltage crosses the Start-Up Threshold voltage and the point at which the fully loaded output voltage enters and remains within it specified 1% accuracy band. Actual measured times will vary with input source impedance, external input capacitance, and the slew rate and final value of the input voltage as it appears to the converter.The On/Off to VOUT Start-Up Time assumes the converter is turned off via the Remote On/Off Control with the nominal input voltage already applied. The specification defines the interval between the point at which the converter is turned on (released) and the point at which the fully loaded output voltage enters and remains within its specified 1% accuracy band. On/Off Control The primary-side, Remote On/Off Control function (pin 2) can be specified to operate with either positive or negative polarity. Positive-polarity devices ("P" suffix) are enabled when pin 2 is left open or is pulled high (+2.5-5V applied with respect to -Input, pin 1, IIN < 150A typical). Positive-polarity devices are disabled when pin 2 is pulled low (0-0.8V with respect to -Input, IIN < 800A. Negative-polarity devices are off when pin 2 is high/open and on when pin 2 is pulled low. See Figure 4. 3 +INPUT 200k 2 ON/OFF CONTROL 200k REF 1 -INPUT CONTROL +5V EQUIVALENT CIRCUIT FOR POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE LOGIC MODELS of 5 to 15 milliseconds, the PWM will restart, causing the output voltages to begin ramping to their appropriate values. If the short-circuit condition persists, another shutdown cycle will be initiated. This on/off cycling is referred to as "hiccup" mode. The hiccup cycling reduces the average output current, thereby preventing internal temperatures from rising to excessive levels. The USQ is capable of enduring an indefinite short circuit output condition. Thermal Shutdown USQ converters are equipped with thermal-shutdown circuitry. If the internal temperature of the DC/DC converter rises above the designed operating temperature (See Performance Specifications), a precision temperature sensor will power down the unit. When the internal temperature decreases below the threshold of the temperature sensor, the unit will self start. Output Overvoltage Protection The output voltage is monitored for an overvoltage condition via magnetic coupling to the primary side. If the output voltage rises to a fault condition, which could be damaging to the load circuitry (see Performance Specifications), the sensing circuitry will power down the PWM controller causing the output voltage to decrease. Following a time-out period the PWM will restart, causing the output voltage to ramp to its appropriate value. If the fault condition persists, and the output voltages again climb to excessive levels, the overvoltage circuitry will initiate another shutdown cycle. This on/off cycling is referred to as "hiccup" mode. Input Reverse-Polarity Protection If the input-voltage polarity is accidentally reversed, an internal diode will become forward biased and likely draw excessive current from the power source. If the source is not current limited (<5A) nor the circuit appropriately fused, it could cause permanent damage to the converter. Input Fusing Certain applications and/or safety agencies may require the installation of fuses at the inputs of power conversion components. Fuses should also be used if the possibility of a sustained, non-current-limited, input-voltage polarity reversal exists. For DATEL USQ Series DC/DCConverters, slow-blow fuses are recommended with values no greater than the following: VOUT Range 1.2VOUT Models 1.5VOUT Models 1.8VOUT Models 2.5VOUT Models 3.3VOUT Models Fuse Value -D24 3.5 Amps 5 Amps 6 Amps 8 Amps 10 Amps Fuse Value -D48 1.5 Amps 2.5 Amps 3 Amps 4 Amps 5 Amps Figure 4. Driving the Remote On/Off Control Pin Dynamic control of the remote on/off function is best accomplished with a mechanical relay or an open-collector/open-drain drive circuit (optically isolated if appropriate). The drive circuit should be able to sink appropriate current (see Performance Specifications) when activated and withstand appropriate voltage when deactivated. Current Limiting When power demands from the output falls within the current limit inception range for the rated output current, the DC/DC converter will go into a current limiting mode. In this condition the output voltage will decrease proportionately with increases in output current, thereby maintaining a somewhat constant power dissipation. This is commonly referred to as power limiting. Current limit inception is defined as the point where the full-power output voltage falls below the specified tolerance. If the load current being drawn from the converter is significant enough, the unit will go into a short circuit condition. See "Short Circuit Condition." Short Circuit Condition When a converter is in current limit mode the output voltages will drop as the output current demand increases. If the output voltage drops too low, the magnetically coupled voltage used to develop primary side voltages will also drop, thereby shutting down the PWM controller. Following a time-out period See Performance Specifications for Input Current and Inrush Transient limits. Trimming Output Voltage USQ converters have a trim capability (pin 6) that enables users to adjust the output voltage from +10% to -20% (refer to the trim equations and trim graphs that follow). Adjustments to the output voltage can be accomplished with a single fixed resistor as shown in Figures 5 and 6. A single fixed resistor can increase or decrease the output voltage depending on its connection. Resistors should be located close to the converter and have TCR's less than 100ppm/C to minimize sensitivity to changes in temperature. If the trim function is not used, leave the trim pin open. 5 USQ Series 40A, SINGLE OUTPUT DC/DC CONVERTERS Standard USQ's have a "positive trim" where a single resistor connected from the Trim Pin (pin 6) to the +Sense (pin 7) will increase the output voltage. A resistor connected from the Trim pin (pin 6) to the -Sense (pin 5) will decrease the output voltage. DATEL also offers a "negative trim" function (D suffix added to the part number). Contact DATEL for information on negative trim devices. Trim adjustments greater than the specified +10%/-20% can have an adverse affect on the converter's performance and are not recommended. Excessive voltage differences between VOUT and Sense, in conjunction with trim adjustment of the output voltage, can cause the overvoltage protection circuitry to activate (see Performance Specifications for overvoltage limits). Temperature/power derating is based on maximum output current and voltage at the converter's output pins. Use of the trim and sense functions can cause output voltages to increase, thereby increasing output power beyond the USQ's specified rating, or cause output voltages to climb into the output overvoltage region. Therefore: (VOUT at pins) x (IOUT) rated output power The Trim pin (pin 6) is a relatively high impedance node that can be susceptible to noise pickup when connected to long conductors in noisy environments. In such cases, a 0.22F capacitor can be added to reduce this long lead effect. 8 USQ-1.2/40-D24 -D48 RT UP (k) = 1.308(VO - 0.793) VO - 1.2 -1.413 RTDOWN (k) = 1.037 1.2 - VO -1.413 USQ-1.5/40-D24 -D48 RT UP (k) = 6.23(VO - 1.226) VO - 1.5 -10.2 RTDOWN (k) = 7.64 1.5 - VO -10.2 USQ-1.8/40-D24 -D48 RT UP (k) = 7.44(VO - 1.226) VO - 1.8 -10.2 RTDOWN (k) = 9.12 1.8 - VO -10.2 USQ-2.5/40-D24 -D48 RT UP (k) = 10(VO - 1.226) VO - 2.5 -10.2 RTDOWN (k) = 12.26 2.5 - VO -10.2 USQ-3.3/35-D24 -D48 RT UP (k) = 13.3(VO - 1.226) VO - 3.3 -10.2 RTDOWN (k) = 16.31 3.3 - VO -10.2 Note: Resistor values are in k. Adjustment accuracy is subject to resistor tolerances and factory-adjusted output accuracy. VO = desired output voltage. 1 -INPUT +OUTPUT +SENSE 2 ON/OFF CONTROL 7 Trim-Up Resistance vs. Percentage Increase in Output Voltage 1 x 106 TRIM 6 RTRIM UP LOAD -SENSE 3 +INPUT 5 -OUTPUT 4 RESISTANCE 1 x 105 Figure 5. Trim Connections To Increase Output Voltages Using Fixed Resistors 1 x 104 1 -INPUT +OUTPUT 8 +SENSE 2 ON/OFF CONTROL 7 TRIM 6 RTRIM DOWN LOAD 1 x103 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 VOUT INCREASE (%) -SENSE 3 +INPUT 5 -OUTPUT 4 Figure 7. USQ-1.2 Trim-Up Resistance vs. % Increase VOUT Figure 6. Trim Connections To Decrease Output Voltages Using Fixed Resistors 6 40A, SINGLE OUTPUT DC/DC CONVERTERS USQ Models Trim-Up Resistance vs. Percentage Increase in Output Voltage 1 x 107 1 x 107 1 x 106 1 x 106 RESISTANCE RESISTANCE 1 x 105 1 x104 1 x104 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 VOUT INCREASE (%) VOUT INCREASE (%) 1 x 105 1 x103 Figure 8. USQ-1.5 Trim-Up Resistance vs. % Increase VOUT 1 x 107 1 x 107 Figure 9. USQ-1.8 Trim-Up Resistance vs. % Increase VOUT 1 x 106 RESISTANCE RESISTANCE 1 x 105 1 x 106 1 x 105 1 x104 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 VOUT INCREASE (%) 1 x104 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 VOUT INCREASE (%) Figure 10. USQ-2.5 Trim-Up Resistance vs. % Increase VOUT Figure 11. USQ-3.3 Trim-Up Resistance vs. % Increase VOUT Trim-Down Resistance vs. Percentage Decrease in Output Voltage 1 x 106 1 x 107 1 x 105 RESISTANCE RESISTANCE 1 x 104 1 x 106 1 x 105 1 x103 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 VOUT DECREASE (%) 1 x104 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 VOUT DECREASE (%) Figure 12. USQ-1.2 Trim-Down Resistance vs. % Decrease VOUT Figure 13. USQ-1.5 to USQ-3.3 Trim-Down Resistance vs. % Decrease VOUT 7 USQ Series 40A, SINGLE OUTPUT DC/DC CONVERTERS Negative-Trim Units ("D" Suffix) Standard USQ's have a "positive-trim" function, consistent with the industry standard footprints and functionality. DATEL also offers "negative-trim" USQ's designated with a "D" suffix to the part number. The negative-trim devices trim up with a single resistor tied from the Output Trim (pin 6) to the -Sense (pin 5) to increase the output voltage. A resistor connected from the Output Trim (pin 6) to the +Sense (pin 7) will decrease the ouput voltage. The "negative-trim" formula values for USQ 1.2/1.5/1.8 Volt devices with a 48 Volt input and negative logic reads: A - Bx V V Trim Down A 0.2711 0.065 0.5686 B 1.4676 0.352 3.96 Floating Outputs Since these are isolated DC/DC converters, their outputs are "floating" with respect to their input. Designers will normally use the -Output (pin 4) as the ground/return of the load circuit. You can, however, use the +Output (pin 8) as ground/return to effectively reverse the output polarity. Remote Sense Note: The Sense and VOUT lines are not internally connected to each other. Therefore, if the sense function is not used for remote regulation, the user must connect the +Sense to +VOUT and -Sense to -VOUT at the DC/DC converter pins. USQ series converters employ a sense feature to provide point-of-use regulation, thereby overcoming moderate IR drops in pcb conductors or cabling. The remote sense lines carry very little current and therefore require a minimal cross-sectional area conductor. The sense lines, which are capacitively coupled to their respective output lines, are used by the feedback control-loop to regulate the output. As such, they are not low impedance points and must be treated with care in layouts and cabling. Sense lines on a pcb should be run adjacent to dc signals, preferably ground. In cables and discrete wiring applications, twisted pair or other techniques should be implemented. USQ DC/DC converters will compensate for drops between the output voltage at the DC/DC and the sense voltage at the DC/DC: [VOUT(+) -VOUT(-)] - [Sense(+) -Sense (-)] 10% VOUT Contact and PCB resistance losses due to IR drops 8 IOUT Sense Current 2 ON/OFF CONTROL TRIM 6 Sense Return -SENSE 3 +INPUT 5 IOUT Return -OUTPUT 4 Contact and PCB resistance losses due to IR drops LOAD RTRIM = Model USQ-1.8/40-D48ND USQ-1.5/40-D48ND USQ-1.2/40-D48ND Trim Up A 0.57 0.283 0.5928 B 1 0.121 3.01 where V is the absolute value of the output voltage change desired. 1 -INPUT +OUTPUT +SENSE 7 Figure 14. Remote Sense Circuit Configuration Output overvoltage protection is monitored at the output voltage pin, not the Sense pin. Therefore, excessive voltage differences between VOUT and Sense, in conjunction with trim adjustment of the output voltage, can cause the overvoltage protection circuitry to activate (see Performance Specifications for overvoltage limits). Power derating is based on maximum output current and voltage at the converter's output pins. Use of trim and sense functions can cause output voltages to increase, thereby increasing output power beyond the USQ's specified rating, or cause output voltages to climb into the output overvoltage region. Therefore: (VOUT at pins) x (IOUT) rated output power 8 40A, SINGLE OUTPUT DC/DC CONVERTERS USQ Models Dynamic Load Response and Switching Frequency DATEL has performed extensive evaluations, under assorted capacitive-load conditions, of the dynamic-load capabilities (i.e., the transient or step response) of USQ Series DC/DC Converters. In particular, we have evaluated devices using the output capacitive-load conditions we use for our routine production testing (10F tantalums in parallel with 1F ceramics), as well as the load conditions many of our competitors use (220F tantalums in parallel with 1F ceramics) when specifying the dynamic performance of their devices. Load Conditions Performance Specifications Load Step = 50 to 75% of IOUT Max): Peak Deviation typical Settling Time to 1% of Final Value, max. Load Step = 75 to 50% of IOUT Max.: Peak Deviation typical Settling Time to 1% of Final Value, max. Load Step = 50 to 75% of IOUT Max.: Peak Deviation typical Settling Time to 1% of Final Value, typ. Load Step = 75 to 50% of IOUT Max.: Peak Deviation typical Settling Time to 1% of Final Value, typ. Switching Frequency (min./typ./max. kHz) 1.2VOUT 300mV 250s 300mV 150s 220mV 130s 110mV 60s To avoid the added cost of constantly changing test fixtures, we have verified, during our device characterization/verification testing, that 100% testing under the former conditions (the 100F || 1F load), which we guarantee, correlates extremely well with the latter conditions, for which we and most of our competitors simply list typicals. If you have any questions about our test methods or would like us to perform additional testing under your specific load conditions, please contact our Applications Engineering Group. 1.5VOUT 175mV 155s 175mV 100s 165mV 150s 165mV 95s 120/150/180 1.8VOUT 155mV 120s 155mV 120s 85mV 150s 80mV 130s 120/150/180 2.5VOUT 130mV 60s 100mV 55s 125mV 55s 90mV 50s 230/250/280 3.3VOUT 135mV 60s 135mV 60s 130mV 55s 130mV 55s 120/150/180 COUT = 10F || 1F COUT = 220F || 1F 120/150/180 The listed pair of parallel output capacitors consists of a tantalum in parallel with a multi-layer ceramic. IO/t = 1A/1s, VIN = 48V, TC = 25C (2% of final value for 1.2VOUT). 9 USQ Series 40A, SINGLE OUTPUT DC/DC CONVERTERS Typical Performance Curves for 1.2VOUT Models USQ-1.2/40-D48 Efficiency vs. Line Voltage and Load Current 85 80 40 35 USQ-1.2/40-D48: Output Current vs. Ambient Temperature (Longitudinal air flow, pin 1 to pin 3; VIN = 48V, 1/2" heat sink.) Output Current (Amps) 75 Efficiency (%) VIN = 36V 30 25 20 15 10 600 lfm 400 lfm 200 lfm 70 65 VIN = 48V 60 55 50 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 Load Current (Amps) VIN = 75V 5 0 -40 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Ambient Temperature (C) Start-Up from VIN (VIN = 48V, IOUT = 40A, COUT = 10F tantalum || 1F ceramic.) 20V/div TBD TBD +Input (pin 3) 1V/div 1.5VOUT (pin 8) 2msec/div Start-Up from Remote On/Off Control (VIN = 48V, IOUT = 40A, COUT = 10F tantalum || 1F ceramic.) 2V/div TBD TBD Remote On/Off Control (pin 2) 1V/div 1.5VOUT (pin 8) 2msec/div 10 40A, SINGLE OUTPUT DC/DC CONVERTERS USQ Models Typical Performance Curves for 1.5VOUT Models USQ-1.5/40-D48 Efficiency vs. Line Voltage and Load Current 90 85 80 Efficiency (%) 75 70 VIN = 48V VIN = 36V 40 35 USQ-1.5/40-D48: Output Current vs. Ambient Temperature (Transverse air flow, pin 1 to pin 3; VIN = 48V, no heat sink.) Output Current (Amps) 30 25 600 lfm 400 lfm 20 200 lfm 15 65 60 55 50 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 Load Current (Amps) 32 36 40 VIN = 75V Low LFM 10 5 0 -40 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Ambient Temperature (C) Start-Up from VIN (VIN = 48V, IOUT = 40A, COUT = 10F tantalum || 1F ceramic.) 40 35 USQ-1.5/40-D48: Output Current vs. Ambient Temperature (Longitudinal air flow, pin 1 to pin 3; VIN = 48V, 1/2" heat sink.) Output Current (Amps) +Input (pin 3) 20V/div 30 25 20 15 10 600 lfm 400 lfm 200 lfm 1V/div 1.5VOUT (pin 8) 5 0 -40 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 2msec/div Ambient Temperature (C) Start-Up from Remote On/Off Control (VIN = 48V, IOUT = 40A, COUT = 10F tantalum || 1F ceramic.) 2V/div Remote On/Off Control (pin 2) 1V/div 1.5VOUT (pin 8) 2msec/div 11 USQ Series 40A, SINGLE OUTPUT DC/DC CONVERTERS Typical Performance Curves for 1.8VOUT Models USQ-1.8/40-D48 Efficiency vs. Line Voltage and Load Current 90 85 80 Efficiency (%) 75 VIN = 36V 40 35 USQ-1.8/40-D48: Output Current vs. Ambient Temperature (Transverse air flow, pin 1 to pin 3; VIN = 48V, no heat sink.) Output Current (Amps) 30 25 600 lfm 400 lfm 20 70 65 60 VIN = 75V VIN = 48V 200 lfm 15 Low LFM 10 5 0 -40 55 50 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 Load Current (Amps) -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Ambient Temperature (C) Start-Up from VIN (VIN = 48V, IOUT = 40A, COUT = 10F tantalum || 1F ceramic.) 40 35 USQ-1.8/40-D48: Output Current vs. Ambient Temperature (Transverse air flow, pin 1 to pin 3; VIN = 48V, 1/4" heat sink.) Output Current (Amps) +Input (pin 3) 20V/div 30 25 20 15 10 600 lfm 400 lfm 200 lfm 1V/div 1.8VOUT (pin 8) 5 0 -40 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 2msec/div Ambient Temperature (C) Start-Up from Remote On/Off Control (VIN = 48V, IOUT = 40A, COUT = 10F tantalum || 1F ceramic.) 40 35 USQ-1.8/40-D48: Output Current vs. Ambient Temperature (Longitudinal air flow, pin 1 to pin 3; VIN = 48V, 1/2" heat sink.) Output Current (Amps) 2V/div Remote On/Off Control (pin 2) 30 25 20 15 10 600 lfm 400 lfm 200 lfm 1V/div 1.8VOUT (pin 8) 5 0 -40 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 2msec/div Ambient Temperature (C) 12 40A, SINGLE OUTPUT DC/DC CONVERTERS USQ Models Typical Performance Curves for 2.5VOUT Models USQ-2.5/40-D48 Efficiency vs. Line Voltage and Load Current 90 85 40 35 USQ-2.5/40-D48: Output Current vs. Ambient Temperature (Transverse air flow, pin 1 to pin 3; VIN = 48V, no heat sink.) 800 lfm Output Current (Amps) 80 Efficiency (%) 75 70 VIN = 48V VIN = 36V 30 600 lfm 25 400 lfm 20 200 lfm 15 65 60 55 50 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 Load Current (Amps) VIN = 75V Low LFM 10 5 0 -40 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Ambient Temperature (C) Start-Up from VIN (VIN = 48V, IOUT = 40A, COUT = 10F tantalum || 1F ceramic.) 40 35 USQ-2.5/40-D48: Output Current vs. Ambient Temperature (Longitudinal air flow, pin 1 to pin 3; VIN = 48V, 1/2" heat sink.) Output Current (Amps) +Input (pin 3) 20V/div 30 600 lfm 25 400 lfm 20 200 lfm 15 Low LFM 10 1V/div 2.5VOUT (pin 8) 5 0 -40 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 2msec/div Ambient Temperature (C) Start-Up from Remote On/Off Control (VIN = 48V, IOUT = 40A, COUT = 10F tantalum || 1F ceramic.) 2V/div Remote On/Off Control (pin 2) 1V/div 2.5VOUT (pin 8) 2msec/div 13 USQ Series 40A, SINGLE OUTPUT DC/DC CONVERTERS Typical Performance Curves for 3.3VOUT Models USQ-3.3/35-D48 Efficiency vs. Line Voltage and Load Current 95 90 40 35 USQ-3.3/35-D48: Output Current vs. Ambient Temperature (Transverse air flow, pin 1 to pin 3; VIN = 48V, no heat sink.) Output Current (Amps) 85 80 Efficiency (%) 75 70 65 60 55 50 45 3.5 7 10.5 14 17.5 21 24.5 28 31.5 35 Load Current (Amps) VIN = 75V VIN = 48V VIN = 36V 30 25 20 600 lfm 400 lfm 200 lfm 15 Low LFM 10 5 0 -40 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Ambient Temperature (C) Start-Up from VIN (VIN = 48V, IOUT = 35A, COUT = 10F tantalum || 1F ceramic.) 40 35 USQ-3.3/35-D48: Output Current vs. Ambient Temperature (Transverse air flow, pin 1 to pin 3; VIN = 48V, 1/4" heat sink.) Output Current (Amps) +Input (pin 3) 20V/div 30 25 20 600 lfm 400 lfm 200 lfm 15 10 5 0 -40 3.3VOUT (pin 8) 1V/div -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 2msec/div Ambient Temperature (C) Start-Up from Remote On/Off Control (VIN = 48V, IOUT = 35A, COUT = 10F tantalum || 1F ceramic.) 2V/div Remote On/Off Control (pin 2) 3.3VOUT (pin 8) 1V/div 2msec/div 14 40A, SINGLE OUTPUT DC/DC CONVERTERS USQ Models +Input Remote On/Off -Input X +Output +Sense Output Trim -Sense -Output -Input Remote On/Off +Input -Output -Sense Output Trim +Sense +Output LOCATE THERMOCOUPLE HERE TOP VIEW BOTTOM VIEW Figure 15.Thermocouple Placement for Temperature Derating Calculations Figure 16. Industry Standard Quarter-Brick Pinout The typical derating curves on the previous pages were developed by monitoring the temperature of the case with a thermocouple placed on top of the USQ case as shown in Figure 15. Users desiring to model their own application's temperature derating for a particular environment (enclosed area, orientation, airflow, possible heatsinking) should make sure the case temperature does not exceed 110C for any condition. Figure 16 readily allows users to confirm that DATEL quarter-brick DC/DC converters are compatible to the industry-standard pinout, independent of pin-numbering conventions. (R) (R) INNOVATION and EXCELLENCE ISO 9001 REGISTERED DS-0510A 12/03 DATEL, Inc. 11 Cabot Boulevard, Mansfield, MA 02048-1151 Tel: (508) 339-3000 (800) 233-2765 Fax: (508) 339-6356 Internet: www.datel.com Email: sales@datel.com DATEL (UK) LTD. Tadley, England Tel: (01256)-880444 DATEL S.A.R.L. Montigny Le Bretonneux, France Tel: 01-34-60-01-01 DATEL GmbH Munchen, Germany Tel: 89-544334-0 DATEL KK Tokyo, Japan Tel: 3-3779-1031, Osaka Tel: 6-6354-2025 DATEL makes no representation that the use of its products in the circuits described herein, or the use of other technical information contained herein, will not infringe upon existing or future patent rights. The descriptions contained herein do not imply the granting of licenses to make, use, or sell equipment constructed in accordance therewith. Specifications are subject to change without notice. The DATEL logo is a registered DATEL, Inc. trademark. 15 |
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